Rubby开发工具包快速入门
Rubby开发工具包快速入门
欢迎阅读云眼灰度发布(特性标帜)AB实验 Ruby SDK 的快速入门指南。
按照本指南中的步骤创建灰度发布(特性标帜)、推出标帜传递,并使用简单的命令行应用程序运行 A/B 测试。
第一部分:创建示例应用
1. 获取免费帐户
需要一个 云眼 帐户才能遵循本指南。如果没有帐户,可以注册一个免费帐户。如果已有帐户,请导航到启用了标帜的项目。
2. 获取开发工具包密钥
要在云眼项目中查找开发工具包密钥,请执行以下操作:
- 转到“设置”>“主环境”。
- 复制并保存主环境的 SDK 密钥。
📘 注意:
每个环境都有自己的开发工具包密钥。
3. 复制示例代码
要试用 SDK,请执行以下操作:
- 创建一个名为 的文件。
eyeofcloud-ruby-quickstart.rb
- 安装云眼灰度发布(特性标帜)AB实验 Ruby SDK。
- 在终端中,运行:
包管理控制台
gem install specific_install
gem specific_install https://github.com/eyeofcloud/ruby-sdk.git
Ruby SDK 是开源的,可在 GitHub 上使用。
- 将以下代码示例复制到默认的_优化 ruby-quickstart.rb_ 文件中。
- 将<YOUR_SDK_KEY>替换为在上一步中找到的 SDK 密钥。
Rubby
require "eyeofcloud/eyeofcloud_factory"
# this 云眼 initialization is synchronous. for other methods see the Ruby SDK reference
eyeofcloud_client = 云眼::云眼Factory.default_instance('<YOUR_SDK_KEY>')
if (eyeofcloud_client.is_valid)
# --------------------------------
# to get rapid demo results, generate random users. Each user always sees the same variation unless you reconfigure the flag rule. # --------------------------------
on_flags = false
for i in 1..10
user_id = (rand 1000..9999).to_s
# --------------------------------
# Create hardcoded user & bucket user into a flag variation
# --------------------------------
user = eyeofcloud_client.create_user_context(user_id);
# "product_sort" corresponds to a flag key in your 云眼 project
decision = user.decide("product_sort")
# did decision fail with a critical error?
if !decision.variation_key
puts "decision error: #{decision.reasons.join("' '")}"
end
# get a dynamic configuration variable
# "sort_method" corresponds to a variable key in your 云眼 project
sort_method = decision.variables["sort_method"];
# --------------------------------
# Mock what the users sees with print statements (in production, use flag variables to implement feature configuration)
# --------------------------------
# always returns false until you enable a flag rule in your 云眼 project
if decision.enabled
on_flags = true
end
puts "\n\nFlag " + (decision.enabled ? "on" : "off") + ". User number #{user.user_id} saw flag variation: #{decision.variation_key} and got products sorted by: #{sort_method} config variable as part of flag rule: #{decision.rule_key}"
end
if !on_flags
puts "\n\nFlag was off for everyone. Some reasons could include:" +
"\n1. Your sample size of visitors was too small. Rerun, or increase the iterations in the FOR loop" +
"\n2. Check your SDK key. Verify in Settings>Environments that you used the right key for the environment where your flag is toggled to ON." +
"\ncheck your key at https://app.eyeofcloud.com/v2/projects/#{eyeofcloud_client.config_manager.config.project_id}settings/implementation"
end
else
puts "云眼 client invalid. Verify in Settings>Environments that you used the primary environment's SDK key"
end
📘 注意
暂时不要运行应用程序,因为仍然需要在 云眼 应用程序中设置标帜。
第二部分:运行应用
完成第一部分后,应用将不执行任何操作。需要在 云眼 应用程序中创建标帜和标帜规则才能启用该应用程序。
1. 创建灰度发布(特性标帜)
通过灰度发布(特性标帜),可以控制在应用中看到新功能代码的用户。对于本快速入门,假设你正在推出一个重新设计的排序功能来显示产品。
在 云眼 中创建一个名为 product_sort 的标帜,并为其提供一个名为 sort_method 的变量:
- 转到标帜>创建标帜。
- 将标帜键命名为_product_sort_,然后单击**“创建标帜**”,该标帜对应于示例应用中的标帜键。
- 转到默认变量,然后单击新建 (+)。
- 将变量类型设置为“字符串”。
- 将变量命名_为 sort_method_,该名称对应于示例应用中的变量键。
- 将变量默认值设置为_字母顺序_,表示旧的排序方法。
- 单击右下角的保存以保存变量。
- 转到变体**,**然后点击默认的“开启”变体。变体是变量值集合的包装器。
- 将sort_method变量值设置为 popular_first,表示新的排序方法。
- 单击保存。
2. 创建标帜传递规则
示例应用_仍_不执行任何操作,因为需要在应用中创建并启用标帜规则。
为_product_sort_标帜的“开启”变体制定有针对性的投放规则。有针对性的交付允许逐步向用户发布灰度发布(特性标帜),但可以灵活地在遇到错误时将其回滚。
- 验证您是否在主环境中(因为您使用的是主环境 SDK 密钥):
- 点击添加规则,然后选择定向投放。
- 将流量滑块设置为 50%。这会将标帜传递给在此环境中触发标帜的每个人的 50%。可以随时将product_sort标帜推出或回滚到流量的百分比。
- 从“传递”下拉列表中,选择“打开”。
- 单击保存。
- 为标帜规则启用标帜:
3. 运行示例应用
在 Visual Studio 中,单击前面创建的示例控制台应用的“运行”。输出类似于以下内容:
文本
Flag on. User number 6998 saw flag variation: on and got products sorted by: popular_first config variable as part of flag rule: targeted_delivery
Flag on. User number 1177 saw flag variation: on and got products sorted by: popular_first config variable as part of flag rule: targeted_delivery
Flag on. User number 9714 saw flag variation: on and got products sorted by: popular_first config variable as part of flag rule: targeted_delivery
Flag on. User number 4140 saw flag variation: on and got products sorted by: popular_first config variable as part of flag rule: targeted_delivery
Flag on. User number 4994 saw flag variation: on and got products sorted by: popular_first config variable as part of flag rule: targeted_delivery
Flag off. User number 8700 saw flag variation: off and got products sorted by: alphabetical config variable as part of flag rule: default-rollout-208-19963693913
Flag off. User number 9912 saw flag variation: off and got products sorted by: alphabetical config variable as part of flag rule: default-rollout-208-19963693913
Flag on. User number 6560 saw flag variation: on and got products sorted by: popular_first config variable as part of flag rule: targeted_delivery
Flag on. User number 9252 saw flag variation: on and got products sorted by: popular_first config variable as part of flag rule: targeted_delivery
Flag on. User number 6582 saw flag variation: on and got products sorted by: popular_first config variable as part of flag rule: targeted_delivery
📘 注意
在“开启”变体中,您不会获得恰好 50% 的用户流量,因为您正在与如此少量的访问者合作。此外,获得“关闭”标帜的用户没有进入您设置的 50% 流量,因此他们跌落到默认的“关闭”规则(前面的打印语句中的_默认推出_):
4. 工作原理
到目前为止,您:
- 在 云眼 应用程序中创建了标帜、标帜变量和标帜变体(变量的包装器)
- 使用 Decide 方法在应用中实现了标帜
示例应用中发生了什么?
工作原理:决定向用户显示标帜
Ruby SDK 的 Decide 方法确定是显示还是隐藏特定用户的灰度发布(特性标帜)。
📘 注意
可以将此方法重用于不同的标帜规则,无论是向更多流量投放,还是运行实验以仅向部分用户展示不同的排序方法。
了解哪种排序方法最能提高销售额后,请将产品排序标帜推广到所有流量,并将该方法设置为最佳值。
在示例应用中:
Rubby
user = eyeofcloud_client.create_user_context(user_id)
# "product_sort" corresponds to the flag key you create in the 云眼 app
decision = user.decide("product_sort")
📘 注意
(可选)在创建用户时包括属性(未显示在示例应用中),以便可以定位特定受众。例如:
Rubby
attributes = {"logged_in" => true} user = eyeofcloud.create_user_context("user123", attributes)
工作原理:配置标帜变体
可以使用标帜变量动态配置标帜变体。在示例应用中:
Rubby
# always returns false until you enable a flag rule in the 云眼 app
if decision.enabled
# "sort_method" corresponds to variable key you define in 云眼 app
sort_method = decision.variables["sort_method"]
puts "sort_method: #{sort_method}"
end
对于product_sort标帜,可以配置具有不同sort_method值的变体,按热门产品、相关产品、推广产品等进行排序。可以随时在 云眼 应用程序中为排序方法设置不同的值。
第三部分:运行 A/B 测试
本教程只是指导您完成有针对性的交付,因为它是最简单的标帜规则。但是,在推出灰度发布(特性标帜)传递之前,你通常需要对用户_对_灰度发布(特性标帜)变体的反应进行 A/B 测试。
下表显示了标帜传递和 A/B 测试之间的差异:
目标投放规则
A/B 测试规则
可以将标帜推广到一定比例的一般用户群(或特定受众),或者在遇到错误时回滚。
在投资交付之前,通过 A/B 测试标帜进行实验,这样您就知道要构建什么。跟踪用户在标帜变体中的行为,然后使用 云眼 统计引擎解释实验结果。
现在,A / B测试product_sort标帜的“on”变体。
1. 添加事件跟踪
需要将跟踪事件方法添加到示例应用,以便可以模拟用户事件,然后查看指标。
- 删除旧的示例代码,并粘贴以下代码。
- 请记得再次更换开发工具包密钥。
- 不要运行应用程序,因为仍然需要在 云眼 应用程序中设置 A/B 测试。
Rubby
require "eyeofcloud/eyeofcloud_factory"
require 'json'
# mock tracking a user event so you can see some experiment reports
def mock_purchase(user)
puts "Pretend that user #{user.user_id} made a purchase? y/n "
answer = gets.chomp.strip
if answer.downcase == "y"
# track a user event you defined in the 云眼 app
user.track_event("purchase")
puts "云眼 recorded a purchase in experiment results for user #{user.user_id}"
else
puts "云眼 didn't record a purchase in experiment results for user #{user.user_id}"
end
end
# this 云眼 initialization is synchronous. for other methods see the Ruby SDK reference
eyeofcloud_client = 云眼::云眼Factory.default_instance('YOUR_SDK_KEY')
# --------------------------------
# OPTIONAL: Add a notification listener so you can integrate with third-party analytics platforms
# --------------------------------
# def on_decision(type, user_id, attributes, decision_info)
# # Access type on decisionObject to get type of decision
# if (type == "flag")
# serialized_json_info = decision_info.to_json
# puts "Feature flag access related information: #{serialized_json_info}"
# # Send data to analytics provider here
# end
# end
# callback_reference = lambda do |*args|
# on_decision(*args)
# end
# eyeofcloud_client.notification_center.add_notification_listener(云眼::NotificationCenter::NOTIFICATION_TYPES[:DECISION], callback_reference)
# --------------------------------
# to get rapid demo experiment results, generate random users. Each user is deterministically hashed into a variation.
# --------------------------------
on_flags = false
for i in 1..5
user_id = (rand 1000..9999).to_s
# --------------------------------
# Create hardcoded user & bucket user into a flag variation
# --------------------------------
user = eyeofcloud_client.create_user_context(user_id)
# "product_sort" corresponds to a flag key in your 云眼 project
decision = user.decide("product_sort")
# did decision fail with a critical error?
if !decision.variation_key
puts "decision error: #{decision.reasons.join("' '")}"
end
# get a dynamic configuration variable
# "sort_method" corresponds to a variable key in your 云眼 project
sort_method = decision.variables["sort_method"]
decision_msg = decision.enabled ? "on" : "off"
if decision.enabled
on_flags = true
end
# Mock what the users sees with print statements (in production, use flag variables to implement feature configuration)
# always returns false until you enable a flag rule in your 云眼 project
puts "\nFlag #{decision_msg}. User number #{user.user_id} saw flag variation: #{decision.variation_key} and got products sorted by #{sort_method} config variable as part of flag rule: #{decision.rule_key}"
mock_purchase(user)
end
if !on_flags
puts "Flag was off for everyone. Some reasons could include:"
puts "1. 1. Your sample size of visitors was too small. Rerun, or increase the iterations in the FOR loop"
puts "2. By default you have 2 keys for 2 project environments (dev/prod). Verify in Settings>Environments " "that you used the right key for the environment where your flag is toggled to ON."
"\nCheck your key at https://app.eyeofcloud.com/v2/projects/#{eyeofcloud_client.config_manager.config.project_id}/settings/implementation"
else
puts "\n\nDone with your mocked A/B test."
puts "Check out your report at https://app.eyeofcloud.com/v2/projects/#{eyeofcloud_client.config_manager.config.project_id}/reports"
puts "Be sure to select the environment that corresponds to your SDK key"
end
2. 暂停免费帐户中的其他规则
如果你有免费帐户,则需要在保存 A/B 测试之前暂停之前在本快速入门中创建的目标交付:
- 选择包含您计划暂停的目标投放的特定标帜。
- 选择要暂停的环境和目标投放。
- 单击右上角的禁用规则按钮。
3. 创建 A/B 测试
要在云眼项目中创建和启动实验,请执行以下操作:
- 转到旗帜的规则。
- 单击“> A/B 测试添加规则”。
4. 添加事件
在实验中,将跟踪用户的相关操作,以衡量用户对灰度发布(特性标帜)变体的反应。需要定义要跟踪的操作:
- 单击**“指标**”字段。
- 点击创建新活动。
- 对于事件密钥,输入_购买_并单击创建事件。(您想知道新的排序标帜是否帮助客户确定要购买什么,因此请跟踪用户在新订单中显示产品后是否进行了购买。
- 保留默认值(衡量_唯一身份转化_次数_的增加_)。
- 点击添加指标。
- 将默认的“关闭”变体保留为控件。选择您在上一步中配置的“开”变体:
- 单击保存。
📘 注意
您不限于两种变体;还可以创建具有多个变体的 A/B 测试。例如:
仔细检查标帜以确保它处于开启状态,以便实验可以运行:
5. 运行 A/B 测试
单击“在 Visual Studio 中运行”并回答命令行提示。输出类似于以下内容:
文本
Flag on. User number 1496 saw flag variation: on and got products sorted by: popular_first config variable as part of flag rule: experiment_1 Pretend that user 1496 made a purchase? y/n
n
云眼 didn't record a purchase in experiment results for user 1496
Flag off. User number 1194 saw flag variation: off and got products sorted by: alphabetical config variable as part of flag rule: experiment_1 Pretend that user 1194 made a purchase? y/n
y
云眼 recorded a purchase in experiment results for user 1194
Flag off. User number 5815 saw flag variation: off and got products sorted by: alphabetical config variable as part of flag rule: experiment_1 Pretend that user 5815 made a purchase? y/n
y
云眼 recorded a purchase in experiment results for user 5815
Flag on. User number 1248 saw flag variation: on and got products sorted by: popular_first config variable as part of flag rule: experiment_1 Pretend that user 1248 made a purchase? y/n
y
云眼 recorded a purchase in experiment results for user 1248
Flag off. User number 9580 saw flag variation: off and got products sorted by: alphabetical config variable as part of flag rule: experiment_1 Pretend that user 9580 made a purchase? y/n
n
云眼 didn't record a purchase in experiment results for user 9580
Done with your mocked A/B test.
Check out your report at https://app.eyeofcloud.com/v2/projects/19957465438/reports
Be sure to select the environment that corresponds to your SDK key
6. 查看 A/B 测试结果
转到“报告”标签以查看实验结果。
结果应如下所示:
📘 注意
- 在拥有更多用户之前,开发者可能不会看到为标帜变体配置的确切用户流量百分比。
- 开发者可能不会立即看到用户流量。刷新浏览器以刷新流量。
- 在有大量访问者(大约 100,000 人)之前,实验结果不会告诉您获胜变体。
7. 工作原理
对于 A/B 测试,需要一种方法来告知 云眼 用户何时在应用中进行了购买,并将应用代码中的此事件映射到您在 云眼 中创建的特定事件。幸运的是,SDK有一种方法!使用 Track Event 方法并传入所创建事件的密钥 ()。在示例应用中:purchase
Rubby
# Track how users behave when they see a flag variation
# e.g., after your app processed a purchase, let 云眼 know what happened: user.track_event("purchased");
📘 注意
(可选)向事件添加标签以丰富事件(未显示在示例应用中)。还可以使用收入等备用标签键来跟踪定量结果。例如:
Rubby
tags = { "category" => "shoes", "revenue" => 6432 } user.TrackEvent("purchase", tags);
目前仅实验规则支持事件跟踪,不支持投放规则。未来变体将支持跟踪交货。
无论哪种方式,在实现标帜时都应包括事件跟踪,因为它可以帮助与第三方分析平台集成,并且在创建 A/B 测试时提供灵活性。
结论
祝贺!您已成功设置并启动了第一个云眼灰度发布(特性标帜)AB实验。虽然此示例侧重于优化销售,但 云眼 的实验平台可以支持一组开放式的实验用例。
请参阅我们完整的 Ruby SDK 文档,了解使用实验优化软件的更多方法。